Depending on your nationality entry conditions may apply. You may need to have an entry visa and/or a residence permit. If so, your Dutch host organisation will usually deal with a lot of the paperwork, especially when your stay in the Netherlands is longer than 90 days. Here you can read about the eligible entry conditions and find out what applies to you.
As a non-EU citizen you might need a visa to travel into the Netherlands and a separate permit to work and live in the country. To find out what visa you need to travel into the Netherlands, please visit the this website from the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs. To find out what permit you need to live and work please visit the guidance webpage of the Dutch Immigration and Naturalisation Service (IND).
